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Functions in C

Example

#include<stdio.h>  // Include the standard input-output library

// Function declaration
int add(int a, int b);

int main() {
    // Variables declaration
    int result;

    // Function call
    result = add(5, 3);

    // Print the result
    printf("Result: %d\n", result);

    return 0;
}

// Function definition
int add(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}
        

Explanation:

Functions in C are blocks of code that perform specific tasks. They help in breaking the program into smaller, manageable parts.

In this example:

• #include<stdio.h>: Includes the standard input-output library which allows us to use the printf function.
• int add(int a, int b);: Declaration of the function add, which takes two integer arguments and returns an integer.
• int main(): The main function where the program execution begins.
• result = add(5, 3);: Calls the add function with arguments 5 and 3, and stores the return value in the variable result.
• printf("Result: %d\n", result);: Prints the result to the console.
• int add(int a, int b): Definition of the add function. It returns the sum of a and b.
• return 0;: Ends the main function and returns 0 to the operating system, indicating that the program ended successfully.

In summary, functions in C allow you to encapsulate code for reuse and better organization. You declare functions before using them, define them with the actual code, and call them when needed.